For people living with diabetes, every day requires around-the-clock monitoring and management. So says Jason A. Klein, MD, a pediatric endocrinologist who heads the Pediatric Diabetes Program at NYU Lutheran and who also works collaboratively with colleagues at Hassenfeld Children鈥檚 Hospital of New York at 嘿嘿视频.
鈥淚n order to successfully manage blood glucose levels, people with diabetes must perform fingerstick checks, keep records, monitor food intake, keep up their physical activity, and calculate medication doses based on past trends. Needless to say, day-to-day monitoring can become tedious and at times exhausting, so it is important that they stay motivated,鈥 Dr. Klein says.
This daily monitoring can be a particular challenge for young people who also have to be attentive to when and what they eat and drink, as well as their activities at home, in school, or while hanging out with friends. Even a minor ailment like a cold may require changes in the medical regimen because of the effect inflammation has on blood glucose.
But diabetes is not the 鈥渄eath sentence鈥 that Dr. Klein says many of his patients and their families seem to believe.
鈥淎lthough there is no cure at this time, treatment options have significantly improved over the years,鈥 adds Dr. Klein. 鈥With insulin pens, pumps, and modern devices that allow more precise and continuous day and night monitoring of blood glucose levels, we can make small adjustments in the dosage of insulin to prevent blood glucose levels from rising or dropping too fast. Excellent glucose control gives patients and their families peace of mind.鈥
The routine followed by people with diabetes is all too familiar to Dr. Klein. At age 14, he was diagnosed with monogenic diabetes, a rare form of the disease caused by a faulty gene.
The care he received as a teenager, coupled with his desire to help young people with a similar condition, inspired him to study medicine at SUNY Downstate and to follow in the footsteps of his own doctor, Pavel Fort, MD, who became his mentor through seven years of training including a fellowship in endocrinology at Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York.
To help allay fears, Dr. Klein shares his story with patients and their families. A mother once told him 鈥but you look normal,鈥 as if a person with diabetes should look a particular way.
鈥There are many misperceptions of diabetes. One of the most common misunderstandings is that people get diabetes solely from eating too much and gaining excessive weight,鈥 explains Dr. Klein. 鈥淲hile type 2 diabetes鈥攚hich is most common in adults but certainly present in children and adolescents鈥攄oes develop due to weight gain, it is also genetically based. And though we always promote healthy lifestyles, the much more common diabetes in the pediatric age range, type 1 diabetes, does not develop secondary to poor eating habits; it is an autoimmune disease that prevents the body's normal production of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas that is responsible for regulating the blood glucose levels of the body.鈥
鈥Regardless of the type of diabetes a patient may have, education of the patient and the family is extremely important,鈥 Dr. Klein adds. 鈥淲e treat the whole family, not just the person who has the diagnosis of diabetes, because it affects everyone in the family.鈥
Kidney problems, blindness, amputations, and cardiovascular disease are among the most serious and most widely known long-term complications of diabetes. And given the prevalence of the condition, Dr. Klein says that when patients are given a diagnosis of diabetes, many families can only picture unfortunate outcomes for their kids.
鈥淲e begin with listening to what the families and patients know about diabetes, since many of their fears are based in old or incorrect information,鈥 Dr. Klein says. 鈥淲ith good blood glucose control and use of modern treatments and technologies, patients today do not have to have overly rigid lifestyles in order to life long, healthy lives free of complications.鈥
Dr. Klein makes clear to patients and their families about the need for a healthy diet, avoidance of sugary drinks, and a good amount of physical activity or exercise. Some signs that a child may have high blood glucose levels include increased thirst and frequent urination.
For children who already have diabetes, Dr. Klein directs them to get involved in their treatment and continues to motivate them when they become adolescents. He focuses on engaging patients in their own diabetes management and developing healthy lifestyle habits to prevent complications.
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